Preliminary Information Collection

Before starting with the system creation/configuration process, it is important to collect various information which will be requested during the Linux installation.


Know Your Hardware

While the Red Hat installation procedure is nicely automated and will, if fact, determine much of your hardware configuration automatically, you will be asked a number of questions as part of the installation procedure.

Quoting from the Basic Hardware Configuration subsection of the RedHat 5.1 Installation Guide:

"You should have a basic understanding of the hardware installed in your computer, including: On many newer systems, the installation program is able to automatically identify most hardware. However, it's a good idea to collect this information anyway, just to be sure."

You may also need information/specifications for your monitor and video card in order to configure X-windows.

Detailed information on supported hardware is available in the RedHat Hardware Compatibility List

Click Here for a summary of the actual initial hardware configuration for hrothgar.


Know Your Network

Network configuration is important at early stages in the Beowulf installation procedure - particularly if NFS or ftp procedures are used to install Linux on machines without CDROM drives.

The network configuration for the initial, four-PC Beowulf system is shown above, and involves two separate networks:

The Internal Network
A 100baseT network linking the PC's through the switch. This network carries the internal communications (e.g., MPI messages) of the Beowulf system.

The External Network
The "master" PC of the system (i.e., "hrothgar" itself) has an additional ethernet card and LAN connection to the rest of the world.

The External Network is (presumably) part of a standard Internet or Intranet system, with IP address, netmasks, gateway IPs, ... supplied by the network administrator. The Internal Network is "arbitrary" and can be numbered using an available dummy address space (such as the 192.168.8.0 set illustrated in the figure).

Both networks used in the hrothgar system are class C (netmask 255.255.255.0 and broadcast xxx.yyy.zzz.255). The specific network parameters for the initial hrothgar system are as follows (with "notional" values for addresses on the external network):

Hrothgar Network Data

PC Name IP Address Device Gateway
PC 0 hrothgar 206.220.47.3 eth0 206.220.47.253
PC 0 dan00 192.168.8.40 eth1
PC 1 dan01 192.168.8.41 eth0 192.168.8.40
PC 2 dan02 192.168.8.42 eth0 192.168.8.40
PC 3 dan03 192.168.8.43 eth0 192.168.8.40

All machine names in the table use the same extensions to fully qualified form (e.g., hrothgar.a.b.edu), using the full domain name provided by the network administrator. Only hrothgar (PC 0 on the external LAN) is accessible from the outside world. (The danMM internal names for the individual PCs acknowledge the efforts of Dan Davis in getting the K-12 Beowulf project rolling.)


Know Your NFS/File Strategy

It is important to have some picture of the anticipated distributed file system within the entire Beowulf before encountering the disk partitioning and formatting windows in the RedHat installation procedures. For the initial four PCs in hrothgar, the adopted overall strategy is as follows:

  1. Each machine has a 1 Gbyte Linux Native partition mounted as "/" and a 128 MByte Linux Swap partition.
  2. The remaining space on the hard-drive on machine danNM is formatted as a single Linux Native partition and mounted as /scratchNM.
  3. All /scratchNM disk partitions are NFS mounted on all PCs within the system.
  4. A Symbolic link (on all PCs)
    ln -s scratch00 home
    sets up the standard user account area for all machines in dan00:/scratch00.
  5. While "operational strategies" remain to be determined, the remaining /scratchNM systems are intended to provide user-accessible data staging areas across the full machine.
  6. Initially, at least, all NFS mounting on all danNM machines is done through configuration files at system reboots.

There are some mild annoyances in the implementation. In particular, the RHS Linux loading procedure creates a /home on the root partition to contain /home/samba, and this stuff has to be moved to the "new", symbolically linked /home area.